PACIFIC ISLANDS
REPORT
太平洋岛国动态
2024.09-24
vol.24
太平洋岛国战略研究中心
© CENTER FOR PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRIES STUDIES，GDUFS
习近平会见所罗门群岛总理马内莱
Xi Jinping Meets with Solomon Islands Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare
亚行上调亚太发展中经济体经济增长预期
The Asian Development Bank Raises Economic Growth Forecast for Developing Economies in Asia-Pacific
日本-太平洋岛国峰会：关于福岛核废水排放问题和新喀里多尼亚局势
Japan-Pacific Islands Summit: Contending with Nuclear and Colonial Legacies
CONTENTS
目录
岛国快讯
PACIFIC ISLANDS NEWSLETTERS
亚行上调亚太发展中经济体经济增长预期
The Asian Development Bank Raises Economic Growth Forecast for Developing Economies in Asia-Pacific
双边要闻
CHINA-PICS NEWS
习近平会见所罗门群岛总理马内莱
Xi Jinping Meets with Solomon Islands Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare
瓦努阿图推出首份外交政策文件
Vanuatu launches first documented Foreign Policy
斐济缺口40亿资金，力争2036年实现100%可再生能源
Fiji seeks $4b for 100% renewable energy by 2036
政经纵横
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC REVIEWS
智库报告
THINK-TANK REPORTS
太平洋岛国战略研究中心
© CENTER FOR PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRIES STUDIES，GDUFS
美国大使：马绍尔群岛共和国是最亲密的伙伴
US Ambassador: RMI closest partner
日本-太平洋岛国峰会：关于福岛核废水排放问题和新喀里多尼亚局势议题
Japan-Pacific Islands Summit: Contending with Nuclear and Colonial Legacies
纽埃总理与新西兰副总理兼外交部长讨论加强双边伙伴关系
Premier of Niue and Deputy PM and Foreign Minister for New Zealand Discuss Enhanced Partnership
沙特阿拉伯深化与所罗门群岛的双边关系
Saudi Arabia Deepens Relationship with Solomon Islands
岛国快讯
PACIFIC ISLANDS NEWSLETTERS
岛国快讯
亚行上调亚太发展中经济体经济增长预期
2024年7月17日 消息来源：新华社
新华社马尼拉7月17日电（记者张怡晟 杨云起）亚洲开发银行17日发布《2024年亚洲发展展望》补充报告，将亚太地区发展中经济体2024年经济增长预期从4.9%上调至5.0%。
报告说，由于内部需求和出口增长表现良好，亚太发展中经济体经济增长在今年第一季度明显加快。
报告预测，东亚地区和东南亚地区经济今年均将增长4.6%，太平洋岛国地区增长3.3%，南亚地区增长6.3%，中亚和高加索部分地区增长4.5%。
报告说，美国等发达经济体的利率水平将继续影响亚太地区经济前景。另外，美国大选结果的不确定性、严峻的地缘政治紧张局势、贸易分裂等诸多因素也将影响该地区经济增长。报告预计，明年亚太地区发展中经济体经济增速为4.9%。
亚洲开发银行是聚焦亚太地区发展的多边开发银行，成立于1966年，总部设在菲律宾首都马尼拉。《亚洲发展展望》是亚行的年度旗舰经济报告，对亚太地区经济发展作出预测。
太平洋岛国战略研究中心
The Asian Development Bank Raises Economic Growth Forecast for Developing Economies in Asia-Pacific
MANILA, July 17 (Xinhua) — The Asian Development Bank (ADB) released a supplementary report to the "Asian Development Outlook 2024" on the 17th, raising its economic growth forecast for developing economies in the Asia-Pacific region for 2024 from 4.9% to 5.0%.
The report stated that due to strong internal demand and export growth, the economic growth of developing economies in the Asia-Pacific region accelerated significantly in the first quarter of this year.
The report forecasts that both East Asia and Southeast Asia will experience 4.6% growth this year, the Pacific island economies will grow by 3.3%, South Asia by 6.3%, and parts of Central Asia and the Caucasus by 4.5%.
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// PACIFIC ISLANDS NEWSLETTERS /
The report also noted that interest rates in developed economies, such as the United States, will continue to impact the economic outlook for the Asia-Pacific region. Additionally, uncertainty surrounding the U.S. election results, heightened geopolitical tensions, trade fragmentation, and other factors will also influence economic growth in the region. The report predicts a 4.9% growth rate for developing economies in the Asia-Pacific region next year.
The Asian Development Bank is a multilateral development bank focused on the Asia-Pacific region. It was established in 1966 and is headquartered in Manila, the capital of the Philippines. The "Asian Development Outlook" is ADB's annual flagship economic report, providing forecasts on the economic development of the Asia-Pacific region.
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岛国快讯
瓦努阿图推出首份外交政策文件
2024年7月4日 消息来源：PINA 图片来源：PINA
太平洋岛国战略研究中心
瓦努阿图政府通过外交、国际合作与对外贸易部（MoFAICET）于周三发布了该国首份正式的外交政策文件。
负责外交事务的副总理马泰·塞雷马亚（Matai Seremaiah）表示，此次外交政策旨在推动和发展特定领域，特别是促进主权并保护国家边界。
“我们致力于维护瓦努阿图的主权和领土完整。解决海洋边界问题，包括我们对马修岛（Umaenupne）和亨特岛（Leka）的合法历史主张，依然是首要任务。”塞雷马亚副总理说道。
他指出，增强繁荣和福祉是关键目标，政府将通过加强双边、区域和国际合作，扩大贸易关系，吸引外资，促进可持续的经济增长，造福全民。
瓦努阿图总理夏洛特·萨尔瓦伊（Charlot Salwai）称这次发布会是一个历史性的时刻，展示了瓦努阿图的原则、目标和宗旨。
他还特别提到，近期发布的《国家海洋政策》第二版和首个《海洋空间规划》是瓦努阿图在国家层面上的重大举措，将使瓦努阿图在区域和全球舞台上处于有利位置。
“对于一个国家来说，外交政策文件至关重要，”萨尔瓦伊总理说。
“它明确了国际目标及实现这些目标的战略，为外交努力指明了方向。它阐述了国家如何保护其国家利益，包括应对外国安全威胁，并详细说明了国家将如何参与国际贸易、投资和经济协议，以推动经济增长和稳定。此外，外交政策还解释了国家将如何应对国际危机、冲突和人道主义问题，帮助有效应对全球挑战。”
萨尔瓦伊补充说，这份外交政策文件是瓦努阿图与外界和全球公民之间的纽带，我们视他们为朋友和伙伴。
“通过这一视角，我们相信，我们对人权、民主、良政和法治的承诺将成为我们与区域及全球合作伙伴关系的核心，”他说。
随着瓦努阿图扩大其全球影响力，另一个重要的外交政策方面是其传统的“卡瓦外交”，象征着和平、团结与尊重。
“在更广泛的背景下，这一政策非常强调区域和国际合作，”萨尔瓦伊继续说道。“通过与太平洋邻国和国际社会共同努力，我们可以更有效地应对全球挑战，实现人人共享的和平与繁荣。
“此外，通过建立强有力的联盟，我们可以确保像瓦努阿图这样的小岛国在国际舞台上有发言权。瓦努阿图在不结盟运动（NAM）、77国集团加中国、英联邦、法语国家组织、联合国（UN）、非洲、加勒比和太平洋（ACP）集团等组织中的成员资格将继续保持其重要性。”
塞雷马亚副总理重申，瓦努阿图致力于通过国际合作应对全球问题。
“我们将继续积极倡导气候行动、可持续发展、人权以及全球范围内的去殖民化，尤其是我们所在地区的相关问题，”他说。
为了推进外交政策目标，瓦努阿图将通过强化与关键伙伴的关系，增强经济伙伴关系、安全合作与文化交流，并积极参与区域组织和多边平台，采取主动行动和战略伙伴关系。
“通过设立外交事务咨询委员会，将促进公众参与和提高认识，确保外交政策反映人民的意愿和期望。”
塞雷马亚指出，瓦努阿图将在气候变化、核裁军和人权等关键问题上继续发挥领导作用，并将这些优先事项纳入法律和实践中。
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// PACIFIC ISLANDS NEWSLETTERS /
萨尔瓦伊总理重申瓦努阿图将与发展伙伴紧密合作，并呼吁合作伙伴与瓦努阿图新的外交政策目标保持一致。
他表示，希望通过合作努力找到共赢的伙伴关系基础，并维持未来的合作关系。
塞雷马亚副总理最后表示，瓦努阿图的国家外交政策是一个全面且具有前瞻性的框架，旨在推进国家利益并为全球福祉作出贡献。
“基于我们的价值观和原则，我们致力于为瓦努阿图及其人民争取一个有韧性的未来。正如我们独立之父所言，‘社区生活的意识既智慧又实用’，这强调了各国之间合作与相互尊重的必要性。推动团结与合作，我们的政策在应对全球挑战和实现可持续发展方面至关重要。”他说。
总理萨尔怀（Salwai）认可瓦努阿图与所有驻地发展伙伴建立的合作关系，并表示，刚刚发布的外交政策旨在提升思考深度并加强未来的合作。
Vanuatu launches first documented Foreign Policy
The Government of Vanuatu, through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation and External Trade (MoFAICET), launched its first documented Foreign Policy Wednesday.
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister responsible for Foreign Affairs, Matai Seremaiah, said this Foreign Policy aims to promote and develop specific areas, including promoting sovereignty and protecting national boundaries.
“We are committed to safeguarding Vanuatu’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. Resolving maritime boundaries, including our legitimate and historical claims over Matthew （Umaenupne） and Hunter （Leka） islands, remains a top priority,” DPM Seremaiah said.
He said enhancing prosperity and well-being is a key goal, with efforts focused on strengthening bilateral, regional, and international
cooperation to expand trade relations, attract foreign investments, and foster sustainable economic growth for everyone.
Prime Minister Charlot Salwai described the launch as a historic occasion, unveiling the principles, goals, and objectives of Vanuatu to the world.
He highlighted the recent launch of the second edition of the National Ocean Policy and the first Marine Spatial
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岛国快讯
太平洋岛国战略研究中心
plan as significant national undertakings that will position Vanuatu favorably in the regional and global space.
“A foreign policy paper is essential for a country for several reasons,” PM Salwai said.
“It outlines international objectives and the strategies to achieve these objectives, providing clear direction for diplomatic efforts. It addresses how a country intends to protect its national interests, including foreign security threats, and details how it will engage in international trade, investments, and economic agreements to impact economic growth and stability. A foreign policy also explains how a country will manage international crises, conflicts, and humanitarian issues, helping to effectively respond to global challenges.”
Salwai added the Foreign Policy paper stands as Vanuatu’s connection to the outside world and all global citizens regarded as friends and partners.
“Through this lens, we believe that our commitment to human rights, democracy, good governance, and the rule of Law Will Represent The Essence
Of Our Relationships With Our Partners In The Region And Around The World,” He Said.
As Vanuatu expands its global outreach, another significant aspect of its foreign policy is the traditional values of kava diplomacy, symbolising peace, unity, and respect.
“In a broader context, this policy places strong emphasis on regional and international cooperation,” Salwai continued.
“By working together with our Pacific neighbors and the international community, we can address global challenges more effectively, leading to peace and prosperity for everyone.
“Additionally, by building strong alliances, we can ensure that small island nations like Vanuatu have a voice in international forums. Vanuatu’s membership in organisations such as the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), G77 + China, the Commonwealth, the Francophonie Organisation, the United Nations (UN), the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States, and others will continue to remain relevant.”
DPM Seremaiah reaffirmed that Vanuatu is committed to tackling global issues through international cooperation.
“We will remain vocal advocates for climate action, sustainable development, human rights, and efforts towards decolonisation worldwide, with immediate attention to our region,” he said.
To advance foreign policy goals, Vanuatu will focus on proactive actions and strategic partnerships by strengthening relationships with key partners, enhancing economic partnerships, security collaborations, and cultural exchanges, and being active in regional organisations and multilateral platforms.
“Public engagement and awareness will be facilitated through the establishment of the Consultative Council on Foreign Relations, ensuring that foreign policy reflects the views and aspirations of the people”.
Seremaiah noted Vanuatu’s continued leadership on critical issues such as climate change, nuclear disarmament, and human rights, integrating these priorities into law and practice.
PM Salwai reiterated Vanuatu’s commitment to working closely with development partners and called on them to align their efforts with Vanuatu’s new foreign policy goals.
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// PACIFIC ISLANDS NEWSLETTERS /
He expressed a desire to find a prosperous ground of partnership and sustain future relationships through collaborative efforts.
DPM Seremaiah concluded by stating that Vanuatu’s National Foreign Policy is a comprehensive and forward-thinking framework, intended to advance national interests and contribute to global well-being.
“With our values and principles, we aim to secure a resilient future for Vanuatu and its people. As the Father of our Independence wisely stated, ‘The community sense of living is both wise and practical,’ underscoring the necessity of cooperation and mutual respect among nations. Promoting unity and
mutual respect among nations. Promoting unity and collaboration, our policy is essential for addressing global challenges and achieving sustainable development,” he said.
PM Salwai acknowledged the partnerships Vanuatu has established with all resident development partners, saying the newly launched Foreign Policy aims to elevate thinking and strengthen future collaborations.
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岛国快讯
斐济缺口40亿资金，力争2036年实现100%可再生能源
2024年8月17日 消息来源：The Fiji Times
斐济在2024至2036年间预计需要约40亿美元投资，以实现100%可再生能源的目标。这一议题将成为斐济代表团在阿塞拜疆巴库召开的COP29会议上的重点，团队希望为能源和基础设施领域争取气候融资。
公共工程部长罗·菲利普·图伊萨瓦（Ro Filipe Tuisawau）昨日在议会中表示，COP会议至关重要，因为气候变化对太平洋岛国产生了深远影响。
他指出，斐济设定了为所有国民提供100%电力的目标，并计划到2021年达到81%的可再生能源使用率。
“目前，斐济只实现了60%的目标，主要依赖水力发电。”罗·菲利普说道。
“斐济在吸引、建立和保留独立电力生产商方面进展缓慢，因此争取可再生能源资金支持尤为重要。”
“从长远来看，斐济在2024至2036年期间将需要40亿美元投资，以实现100%可再生能源的目标，预计到2050年，累计投资需求将达到200亿美元。”
他还提到，斐济正在通过国际可再生能源机构（IRENA）开展诊断研究，以推动这些目标的实现。
罗·菲利普补充道，燃料进口占斐济总进口成本的26%，约为10.3亿美元。他还指出，老化的基础设施也是一个重大挑战。
“气候变化对我们的基础设施提出了更高要求，确保基础设施具备气候韧性将带来巨大的成本压力。”
太平洋岛国战略研究中心
Fiji seeks $4b for 100% renewable energy by 2036
FIJI will require about $4billion in investments between 2024 and 2036 to achieve 100 per cent of its renewable energy targets.
This will be the focus of Fiji’s delegation to this year’s COP 29 meeting in Baku, Azerbaijan, with the team looking to secure climate financing for the energy and infrastructure sectors.
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Public Works Minister Ro Filipe Tuisawau informed Parliament yesterday that COP was a crucial meeting, given that climate change significantly impacted Pacific Island states.
He said Fiji had a 100 per cent electricity target for all Fijians, and a set target of 81 per cent of renewable energy by 2021.
“So far, only 60 per cent has been achieved, and mostly via hydroelectricity,” Ro Filipe said.
“Fiji has been lagging in its ability to attract, establish and retain independent power producers, and it is critical that we reach out and also secure funding in terms of renewable energy.
“Looking at the long term, Fiji will require $4b in investments between 2024, and 2036 to achieve its 100 per cent renewable energy targets, with cumulative investment cost expected to be $20b by 2050.”
He said they were also conducting a diagnostic study through the International Renewable Energy Agency to move this forward.
Ro Filipe said Fiji’s total imports of fuel was 26 per cent of the total import costs, which amounted to approximately $1.03b.
He said ageing infrastructure was also an issue.
“There is a huge amount of cost in terms of climate, ensuring that our infrastructure is climate resilient.”
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双边要闻
CHINA-PICS NEWS
双边要闻
习近平会见所罗门群岛总理马内莱
2024年7月8日 消息来源:中国驻巴布亚新几内亚大使馆官网
太平洋岛国战略研究中心
2024年7月8日，国家主席习近平致电大卫•蒂瓦•卡普，祝贺他就任所罗门群岛总督。
习近平指出，今年是中国与所罗门群岛建立外交关系五周年。五年来，两国政治互信不断加深，务实合作取得丰硕成果。双方在涉及彼此核心利益和重大关切的问题上始终坚定支持对方，给两国人民带来了实实在在的利益。
“我高度重视中所关系的发展，愿与总督携手努力，持续推进两国在新时代的全面战略伙伴关系，为两国人民带来更多福祉。”习近平说。
Xi Jinping Meets with Solomon Islands Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare
On July 8, 2024, President Xi Jinping called David Tiva Kapu to congratulate him on assuming the position of Governor-General of the Solomon Islands.
Xi Jinping pointed out that this year marks the 5th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the Solomon Islands. Over the past five years, the political mutual trust between the two countries has deepened continuously, and fruitful results have been achieved in pragmatic cooperation. Both sides have firmly supported each other on issues concerning their core interests and major concerns, bringing benefits to the people of both nations.
"I attach great importance to the development of China-Solomon Islands relations and am willing to work together with the Governor-General to continuously advance the comprehensive strategic partnership between our countries in this new era, bringing greater benefits to our peoples," Xi jinping said.
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政经纵横
POLITICAL AND
ECONOMIC REVIEWS
政经纵横
太平洋岛国战略研究中心
美国大使：马绍尔群岛共和国是最亲密的伙伴
2024年7月18日 消息来源：Marshall Islands Journal
美国新任大使劳拉·斯通上周在内阁向马绍尔群岛总统希尔达·海涅递交了外交信任状，结束了马朱罗长达16个月没有美国大使的局面。
斯通在与总统的首次正式会晤中，强调了美马关系的独特性。她表示：“我们世界上最亲密的伙伴不在欧洲、美国大陆，甚至也不在亚洲，而是马绍尔群岛。马绍尔人民参军比例高于美国任何一个州，在联合国投票中与美国立场最一致，你们还承载着我们最重要的军事基地之一，我们两国在历史、文化和经济上紧密相连。”
斯通上周二抵达马绍尔群岛，并于周五上午递交了信任状。总统海涅热情欢迎新任大使，称她的到来恰逢马绍尔群岛的重要时刻。
“您的到来正值我们双边关系的关键时刻，目前马绍尔群岛和美国正处于《自由联系条约》谈判的最后阶段，特别是在联邦计划和服务协议上，”海涅表示。“我毫不怀疑，您的领导力和外交智慧将为这些讨论的成功和互惠结论提供不可或缺的支持。我向您保证，马绍尔群岛政府将全力配合您履行职责。我相信，在您的任期内，我们两国关系将继续繁荣发展，造福两国人民。”
美国大使指出，这种关系的重要性体现在“对马绍尔群岛有利的事情同样对美国有利，反之亦然。”
斯通还补充说，她在担任这一职务期间的首要任务是确保马绍尔群岛人民能够充分利用《自由联系条约》，使当地居民受益最大化。
她承诺“将不遗余力地加强我们的伙伴关系，紧急应对气候变化、经济发展和医疗保健等挑战。我们将共同探索在教育、科学研究和文化交流方面的合作新机遇，确保我们的关系惠及所有公民。”
斯通是美国资深外交服务成员，拥有丰富的中国和亚洲事务经验。此前，她曾担任南亚事务副助理国务卿，负责美国对印度、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡、孟加拉国、马尔代夫和不丹的政策；还曾代理负责中国、台湾、香港和蒙古事务的副助理国务卿，并担任中国与蒙古事务办公室主任。她精通中文。
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// POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC REVIEWS /
US Ambassador: RMI closest partner
New United States Ambassador Laura Stone presented her diplomatic credentials to Marshall Islands President Hilda Heine last week at the Cabinet, ending a 16-month period without an American ambassador in Majuro.
Stone took the opportunity of her first official meeting with the president to emphasize the unique nature of the US-Marshall Islands relationship.
“Our closest partner in the world resides not in Europe, not in the Americas, or even in Asia; rather it is the Republic of the Marshall Islands,” Stone said. “The Marshallese people serve in the US military in higher rates than any state, you have the highest voting coincidence with the United States in the United Nations, you host one of our most important military bases, and our people are intertwined historically, culturally, and economically.”
Stone arrived last week Tuesday and presented her credentials Friday morning.
President Heine warmly welcomed the new ambassador, saying her arrival comes at an important moment for the Marshall Islands.
“Your arrival comes at a crucial moment in our bilateral relations, as the Marshall Islands and the United States are currently in the final stages of the Compact negotiations, particularly focusing on the Federal Programs and Services Agreement,” Heine said. “I have no doubt that your leadership and diplomatic acumen will be invaluable in guiding these discussions to a successful and mutually beneficial conclusion. I wish to assure you of the fullest cooperation and support from the government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands in assisting you to discharge your duties. I am confident that during your tenure, relations between our two countries will continue to thrive for the mutual benefit of both countries.”
The relationship is of such significance, the US ambassador said, “What is good for the Marshall Islands is good for the United States, and vice versa.”
Stone added that her “highest priorities in assuming this post will be to ensure that the Marshallese are able to take advantage of our free association, to best benefit the everyday people of the Islands.”
She pledged “to work tirelessly to strengthen our partnership, addressing the challenges of climate change, economic development, and healthcare with the urgency they demand. Together, we will explore new opportunities for collaboration in education, scientific research, and cultural exchange, ensuring that the benefits of our relationship are felt by all citizens.”
Stone is a career member the US Senior Foreign Service and is a China and Asia expert. She has previously served as Deputy Assistant Secretary for South Asia, overseeing U.S. policy towards India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Maldives, and Bhutan; Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mongolia; and Director of the Office of Chinese and Mongolian Affairs. She is fluent in Chinese.
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政经纵横
太平洋岛国战略研究中心
纽埃总理与新西兰副总理兼外交部长讨论加强双边伙伴关系
2024年7月4日 消息来源：Government of Niue
阿洛菲，纽埃——2024年7月4日，纽埃总理道尔顿·塔格拉吉阁下与新西兰副总理兼外交部长温斯顿·彼得斯阁下在纽埃内阁办公室Fale Fono II举行了双边会谈。此次会谈是在2024年6月3日新西兰总理克里斯托弗·卢克森阁下访问纽埃之后，进一步巩固了两国间长期稳固的伙伴关系。
会谈期间，双方重点讨论了新西兰对纽埃可再生能源项目的持续支持以及加强双边合作的相关议题。新西兰副总理提出了关键优先事项，并宣布了支持几项对纽埃发展至关重要的举措。
彼得斯副总理强调，新西兰将继续支持纽埃政府在公共部门的优先工作。他宣布为多个新岗位提供资金，以提升纽埃公共部门的能力建设，特别是为财政与气候变化部设立公共财政管理岗位。此外，彼得斯阁下还承诺将翻新阿洛菲老Fale Fono大楼的屋顶。这些举措旨在缓解短期的劳动力短缺问题，并提高纽埃政府运作的效率和效能。
新西兰副总理代表新西兰政府向纽埃人民表达了感谢，并对两国伙伴关系的未来及这些支持举措的积极影响表示乐观。
纽埃总理道尔顿·塔格拉吉阁下表示：“我们对新西兰政府坚定支持纽埃国家优先事项深表感谢。今天上午听到副总理的支持让我深受鼓舞，我要对彼得斯阁下的领导力和远见表示祝贺。这些举措将显著提升我们公共部门的能力，并为纽埃的整体发展作出重要贡献。我们期待继续保持紧密的合作伙伴关系，共同实现我们的目标。”
Premier of Niue and Deputy PM and Foreign Minister for New Zealand Discuss Enhanced Partnership
Alofi, Niue – 4 July 2024 – The Premier of Niue, Hon. Dalton Tagelagi and the Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of New Zealand, the Right Honourable Winston Peters held a bilateral discussion today at Cabinet’s Office, Fale Fono II. This meeting follows the visit of the Prime Minister of New Zealand, Rt Hon. Christopher Luxon to Niue on the 3rd June 2024, and further strengthens the enduring partnership between the two nations.
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CENTER FOR PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRIES STUDIES，GDUFS
// POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC REVIEWS /
During the discussions, the focus was on New Zealand’s continued commitment to supporting Niue’s Renewable Energy project and enhancing bilateral cooperation. The Deputy Prime Minister outlined key priorities and announced New Zealand’s support for several initiatives critical to Niue’s development.
The Deputy Prime Minister emphasized New Zealand’s support for the Government of Niue’s priorities in the public sector. He announced funding for new roles to strengthen Niue’s public sector capacity, including public financial management positions for the Ministry of Finance and Climate Change. Additionally, Rt Hon Peters committed to renovating the rooftop of the old Fale Fono building in Alofi. These measures aim to alleviate short-term workforce constraints and enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of Niue’s government operations.
The Deputy Prime Minister conveyed his gratitude on behalf of the New Zealand government to the people of Niue, expressing optimism about the future of the partnership and the positive impact of the support initiatives.
“We are deeply grateful for the unwavering support and commitment from the New Zealand government towards our national priorities. It was great to listen to the Minister's support this morning and congratulate Deputy Prime Minister’s leadership and vision. These initiatives will significantly enhance our public sector capacity and contribute to the overall development of Niue. We look forward to continuing our close partnership and achieving our shared goals” said Premier of Niue, Hon. Dalton Tagelagi.
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政经纵横
沙特阿拉伯深化与所罗门群岛的双边关系
2024年7月21日 消息来源：MNPDC & MFAET Joint Press
太平洋岛国战略研究中心
所罗门群岛政府在加强全球联系方面取得了显著进展，正与主要国际伙伴建立更紧密的关系。最近，沙特阿拉伯表示愿意深化与所罗门群岛的合作与友谊。
这项进展是在7月15日星期一于纽约举行的可持续发展高级别政治论坛（HLPF）期间，所罗门群岛国民规划与发展协调部长雷克森·拉莫法菲亚阁下与沙特阿拉伯王国经济与规划部长费萨尔·F·阿里布拉欣阁下举行双边会谈后取得的。该论坛将于周五结束。
拉莫法菲亚部长对沙特阿拉伯在2023年太平洋运动会期间给予的坚定支持表达了深切的感谢。他指出，沙特的贡献不仅惠及所罗门群岛，也为整个太平洋岛国地区树立了典范，有助于未来地区和国际体育赛事的发展。部长还对2023年6月所罗门群岛代表团访问沙特阿拉伯时所受到的热情款待表示感谢。
拉莫法菲亚部长强调，所罗门群岛致力于加强与海湾国家的联系，并提及了最近在阿联酋阿布扎比设立的外交使团。他还祝贺沙特阿拉伯成功申办2030年世界博览会，并期待这一盛会在推动文化交流、经济进步和全球创新方面发挥重要作用。
费萨尔部长对此表示感谢，并感谢拉莫法菲亚部长提供了这次富有意义的对话机会。他重申沙特阿拉伯致力于深化与所罗门群岛的合作与友谊。
在会谈中，双方探讨了多项共同利益，重点包括：
- 所罗门群岛与沙特阿拉伯之间拟议的航空服务协议
- 旅游机会和投资
- 发展合作框架与基础设施投资
- 能力建设与技术转移
- 渔业领域的合作
- 增强粮食安全的农业举措
- 可再生能源项目，特别是风能
- 扩大气候行动目标，以实现《巴黎协定》和《联合国气候变化框架公约》目标
- 矿业投资，尤其是黄金和镍矿
两位部长重申，真诚的对话与伙伴关系对于实现可持续发展目标（SDGs）至关重要。费萨尔部长承诺，他的部门将继续与所罗门群岛政府合作，积极探索并推动双方提出的各项倡议。
此次会议标志着所罗门群岛与沙特阿拉伯伙伴关系的重大进展，预示着一个合作深化与共同发展的新时代的到来。
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CENTER FOR PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRIES STUDIES，GDUFS
// POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC REVIEWS /
Saudi Arabia Deepens Relationship with Solomon Islands
The Solomon Islands Government is making significant strides in strengthening its global ties, forging relations with key international players, with Saudi Arabia being the latest to express its commitment to deepening cooperation and friendship.
This follows a bilateral meeting between the Minister of National Planning and Development Coordination Hon. Rexon Ramofafia and H.E. Hon. Faisal F. Alibrahim, Minister of Economy and Planning of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, held on Monday 15 July on the margins of the High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development (HLPF) in New York which ends on Friday.
Minister Ramofafia expressed profound gratitude to Saudi Arabia for its unwavering support during the Pacific Games 2023. The Kingdom’s contributions not only benefitted the Solomon Islands but also the entire Pacific Islands region, setting a precedent for future regional and international sporting events. The Minister also acknowledged the exceptional hospitality extended to the Solomon Islands Government delegation during their visit to Saudi Arabia in June 2023.
Highlighting the Solomon Islands’ commitment to strengthening ties with the Gulf States,Minister Ramofafia underscored the recent establishment of a diplomatic
mission in Abu Dhabi, UAE. He also congratulated Saudi Arabia on its successful bid to host the 2030 World Expo, looking forward to the event’s role in fostering cultural exchange, economic progress, and global innovation.
Minister Faisal, in turn, thanked Minister Ramofafia for the opportunity to engage in meaningful dialogue. He emphasized Saudi Arabia’s commitment to deepening its cooperation and friendship with Solomon Islands.
During their discussions, both ministers explored a range of mutual interests, including:
* A proposed Air Service Agreement between the Solomon Islands and Saudi Arabia
* Tourism opportunities and investments
* Development Cooperation Framework and infrastructure investments
* Capacity building and technology transfer
* Collaboration in the fisheries sector
* Agricultural initiatives to enhance food security
* Renewable energy programs, particularly wind energy
* Scaling up climate action ambitions to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement and the UNFCCC
* Investment in the mining sector, specifically gold and nickel
The ministers reiterated the importance of genuine dialogue and partnerships to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Minister Faisal assured that his ministry would continue to engage with the Solomon Islands Government to explore and advance the proposed initiatives.
This meeting signifies a major step forward in solidifying the partnership between Solomon Islands and Saudi Arabia, heralding a new era of enhanced cooperation and mutual growth.
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智库报告
THINK-TANK REPORTS
智库报告
日本-太平洋岛国峰会：关于福岛核废水排放问题和新喀里多尼亚局势
2024年7月25日 作者：Camilla Pohle 来源：USIP
上周，太平洋岛国领导人前往东京，参加了太平洋联盟领导人会议（PALM）。自1997年以来，日本与太平洋岛国论坛（PIF）每三年举行一次峰会，旨在加强双方的互动，共同应对气候变化、渔业资源管理及发展等挑战。
近年来，这一峰会逐渐演变为应对中国影响力的平台。在本次峰会结束时，日本首相岸田文雄与太平洋岛国领导人共同签署了一份联合声明，反对任何“通过武力或胁迫单方面改变现状的企图”。这一声明被广泛视为对中国的隐晦批评，并引发了中国外交部的强烈回应。而在声明发布前，所罗门群岛和瓦努阿图均表态支持中国关于台湾统一的立场。
然而，太平洋岛国论坛的核心关注点并不在地缘政治竞争上。在东京会议期间，重点议题包括新喀里多尼亚局势的最新进展，以及日本向太平洋排放福岛核电站处理水的问题。尽管这些问题表面上似乎与美国无关，但实际上揭示了任何与太平洋岛国交往的外部伙伴必须正视并应对的两大关键因素：殖民遗产与核遗产。
太平洋岛国战略研究中心
日本的参与受到欢迎，但福岛问题仍存紧张关系
随着美国和日本在太平洋岛国争夺影响力，日美两国与太平洋岛国论坛（PIF）的紧密关系有助于支持美国的利益。自2018年以来，日本加大了对该地区的外交访问，并在基里巴斯和新喀里多尼亚设立了新的外交使团。以往，日本的援助主要集中在发展、卫生、教育、气候韧性等领域，而较少涉及安全议题。
上周，为加强安全合作，东京与太平洋岛国宣布了一项联合行动计划，旨在增加日本自卫队的港口访问次数，并促进海岸警卫队机构之间的合作。日本还宣布了一系列新的举措，这些举措与《太平洋岛国论坛2050蓝色太平洋大陆战略》相一致，并根据受援国的需求量身定制，涵盖机场航站楼和桥梁的升级、渔业援助、通信和网络安全支持，以及防灾设备的提供。
然而，日本与太平洋岛国论坛（PIF）之间的关系仍然存在紧张局势。在2021年的最后一次太平洋岛国领导人会议（PALM）上，太平洋岛国强烈反对日本将福岛处理后的核废水排入太平洋的计划。尽管地区领导人和民间社会多年来持续抗议，该核废水排放已于2023年开始。国际原子能机构表示，日本的政策符合国际标准，对人类和环境的放射性影响“可以忽略不计”。部分太平洋岛国领导人如今认为该排放是安全的，但另一些领导人则表达了失望，质疑为什么这些水不能储存在日本，并担心即便是“可以忽略不计”的放射性也可能带来危害。
太平洋岛国集体反对核武器的立场源于核试验的历史。在冷战期间，法国在法属波利尼西亚进行了近200次核武器试验，美国在马绍尔群岛进行了67次核武器试验，而英国和美国在基里巴斯进行了33次核武器试验。太平洋岛国论坛（PIF）本身的成立初衷正是为了反对法国的核试验，论坛于1971年成立，并在1979年成功抗议日本向马里亚纳海沟倾倒核废料，促成了东京与太平洋岛国论坛之间的关系建立。1986年，《拉罗汤加条约》，即《南太平洋无核区条约》生效。
在这种背景下，双方同意将福岛核废水排放问题作为未来对话的“常设议题”，反映了太平洋岛国论坛（PIF）监控该问题的意图。岸田文雄在双边会谈中亲自向各国领导人保证该计划的安全性。这与2021年的情况有很大不同，当时东京曾全力抵制将福岛问题纳入太平洋岛国领导人会议（PALM）的议程。
太平洋岛国论坛展现对新喀里多尼亚的团结
自5月起，法国太平洋领地新喀里多尼亚爆发的动荡已造成至少10人死亡，数百人受伤，这是该领地自1980年代以来最严重的不稳定局面。此次暴力事件的导火索是一项法国宪法修正案，该修正案将有效扩大忠于法国的居民的投票权力，而以压缩强烈支持独立的土著卡纳克人的投票权为代价。尽管该修正案在6月的法国立法选举前被搁置，但局势并未因此得到缓和。
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就中国而言，它同样使用核动力潜艇，并将经过处理的核废水排放到太平洋的量比日本还多——同时却在大肆宣传福岛的相关叙事。尽管这看起来像是美国及其伙伴与北京进行“得分竞争”的机会，但在太平洋岛国，核问题应以极为敏感的态度进行讨论。试图将中国描绘为核安全方面的“恶棍”，必定会激怒许多太平洋地区的人，因为他们仍在承受核试验的后果。
与此同时，在参与该地区事务的主要国家中，除中国外，所有国家都有过去或现在的领地。澳大利亚、新西兰和英国曾控制超过三分之二的现独立的太平洋岛国。日本在一战和二战期间控制了太平洋的大片地区。二战后，美国控制了帕劳、密克罗尼西亚联邦和马绍尔群岛，直到这些国家独立。
这些动态对美国及其伙伴在与太平洋地区互动时至关重要。如今，澳大利亚在该地区仍保留了一些小领地，而新西兰和英国各保留一个。法国和美国目前控制着最多的陆地和海域，各有三个附属领地，外加美国的夏威夷州。随着日本、美国及其伙伴推广“自由开放的印太”理念，太平洋岛国或许会开始质疑这一说法与地区独立运动的关联。
或许中国在太平洋岛国最大的优势在于它不是一个现任或前任的殖民大国。近年来，一些观察家警告所谓的中国“新殖民主义”，但这种言论在仍处于去殖民化进程中的地区（有时是以暴力方式进行的）并不奏效。西方对中国胁迫性行为和可能超越第一岛链的军事扩张的担忧是合理的，但将中国在太平洋地区的崛起框定为殖民主义，可能会将地区讨论转向美国自身的军事扩张和美国对其太平洋领土的政策。
近年来，包括在太平洋岛国论坛上，美国代表曾表示美国是“太平洋大国”和“太平洋国家”，暗指其领土、夏威夷及其太平洋岛屿侨民以及其与该地区的长期联系。尽管这些言论是出于善意，但可能会产生意想不到的后果，因为这些言论并不总是按照美国政府希望的方式被理解。太平洋岛国并不认为美国是该地区的一部分，而是外部势力。与其使用具有争议性含义的术语，美国可能更应该强调为太平洋岛国量身定制的倡议——正如日本在太平洋岛国领导人会议（PALM）上所做的那样——同时在核问题和殖民遗产上谨慎行事。
对美国及其伙伴国的启示
新喀里多尼亚的政治两极化已持续多年。该领地在2018年至2021年间举行了三次独立公投，前两次高投票率的公投结果都以微弱优势决定留在法国，但最后一次公投由于时间安排问题被支持独立的政党抵制，导致投票率仅为44%，结果压倒性支持维持现状。支持独立的政党仍在寻求一次他们认为能够准确表达人民意愿的独立公投，并且他们得到了强大的地区支持。
在上周的峰会上，斐济、巴布亚新几内亚、所罗门群岛和瓦努阿图的总理称新喀里多尼亚的第三次公投“非法、无效”，并敦促法国举行另一场投票。这些领导人呼吁联合国和地区共同派遣代表团前往新喀里多尼亚评估局势并提出解决方案。
太平洋岛国论坛（PIF）主席、库克群岛总理马克·布朗重申了对新喀里多尼亚最后一次公投的类似担忧——正如PIF过去所做的那样——并确认论坛希望派遣一个事实调查代表团。同样，新西兰外交部长温斯顿·彼得斯也对该投票的合法性提出了质疑，并表示PIF可以在解决这一法国太平洋领地的局势中发挥“建设性作用”。
太平洋岛国始终有自己的议程，独立于主要大国的地缘政治利益。
如果东京峰会传达了一个关于下个月太平洋岛国论坛（PIF）及未来的信号，那就是太平洋岛国将始终坚持自己的议程，独立于主要大国的地缘政治利益。为了在当前与中国的竞争中获胜，美国及其伙伴需要证明他们能够更好地解决该地区的优先事项。去殖民化和无核化将继续占据重要位置。而且，这些问题常常同时出现并非巧合。正是在冷战时期，太平洋岛国成为了核试验场，因为它们受外部力量控制。尽管气候变化和其他挑战仍将是论坛的优先事项，但观察人士不应对这些其他问题成为焦点感到惊讶。
// THINK-TANK REPORTS /
在所有参与该地区事务的主要国家中，除新西兰外，其他国家的核政策都受到了批评。法国和美国在太平洋的核试验持续导致代际性迁徙、环境污染和众多健康问题。2021年，澳大利亚、美国和英国就共享核潜艇技术达成协议，这引发了太平洋岛国的强烈抗议，一些地区领导人认为此举破坏了《拉罗汤加条约》，使该地区变得不再安全。
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Japan-Pacific Islands Summit: Contending with Nuclear and Colonial Legacies
Last week, Pacific Island leaders flew to Tokyo for the Pacific Alliance Leaders Meeting (PALM), a summit between Japan and the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF). The meeting, which has occurred every three years since 1997, is designed to elevate Japan’s engagement with the forum and address common challenges, including climate change, fisheries and development.
In recent years, it has also become a mechanism to counter China’s influence. At the conclusion of the summit, Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida and Pacific Island leaders signed a joint declaration opposing “any unilateral attempts to change the status quo by the threat or use of force or coercion,” a thinly-veiled reference to Beijing that immediately drew criticism from China’s Foreign Ministry. The declaration came after Solomon Islands and Vanuatu both released statements the week before supporting China’s “reunification” with Taiwan.
But the PIF itself, which will convene in Tonga next month, has its own priorities separate from geopolitical competition. Key issues raised in Tokyo included the unfolding situation in New Caledonia and Japan’s release of treated nuclear wastewater from the Fukushima power plant into the Pacific Ocean. On the surface, these issues may appear to have little to do with the United States. But they actually highlight two crucial problems that any external partner engaging in the Pacific Islands must understand and contend with: colonial and nuclear legacies.
Japan’s Engagement Welcomed, While Tensions Over Fukushima Persist
Starting in May, unrest in New Caledonia — a Pacific territory of France — has left at least 10 people dead and hundreds injured in the territory’s worst instability since the 1980s. The violence was sparked by a French constitutional amendment that would have effectively expanded the voting power of the territory’s loyalists at the expense of the Indigenous Kanaks, who overwhelmingly support independence. The amendment was shelved ahead of France’s legislative elections in June, but that hasn’t lowered the temperature.
The Pacific Islands’ collective anti-nuclear stance is the result of nuclear testing. During the Cold War, France tested nearly 200 nuclear weapons in French Polynesia, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons in the Marshall Islands, and the United Kingdom and the United States tested 33 nuclear weapons in Kiribati. The Pacific Islands Forum itself was originally created in 1971 out of opposition to French nuclear testing, and successfully protested Japan’s dumping of nuclear waste into the Mariana Trench in 1979, resulting in an eventual building of ties between Tokyo and the PIF. The Treaty of Rarotonga, or the South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty, came into force in 1986.
In this context, it was agreed that the Fukushima wastewater release would be a “standing agenda item” for future dialogue, reflecting the PIF’s intention to monitor it. Kishida sought to personally reassure leaders of the plan’s safety during bilateral meetings. This is also a far cry from 2021, when Tokyo resisted Fukushima’s inclusion on the PALM agenda at all.
Pacific Islands Forum Shows Solidarity with New Caledonia
As the United States and Japan compete with China for influence in the Pacific Islands, a strong relationship between Japan and the PIF supports U.S. interests. Since 2018, Tokyo has increased diplomatic visits to the region while opening new missions in Kiribati and New Caledonia. Japan’s assistance in the past has mostly focused on development, health, education, climate resilience and other sectors, while security has been less of a focus.
Last week, in a move to strengthen security ties, Tokyo and Pacific Island countries announced a joint action plan for increasing port calls by Japan’s Self-Defense Force and fostering cooperation between Coast Guard agencies. Japan also announced new efforts that are consistent with the PIF’s 2050 Strategy for the Blue Pacific Continent and tailored to the needs of recipient countries, including airport terminal and bridge upgrades, fisheries assistance, telecommunications and cybersecurity support, and the provision of disaster preparedness equipment.
However, strains persist in Japan-PIF relations. At the last PALM in 2021, Pacific Island countries fiercely opposed Japan’s plan to release treated wastewater from Fukushima into the Pacific Ocean. Despite years of protest from regional leaders and civil society, the wastewater release began in 2023. The International Atomic Energy Agency says Japan’s policy meets international standards and will have a “negligible radiological impact” on people and the environment. Some Pacific Island leaders now consider the release safe, while others have expressed disappointment — asking why the water cannot be stored in Japan and raising concerns that even “negligible” amounts of radiation can cause harm.
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New Caledonia’s political polarization has been intensifying for years. The territory held three independence referendums between 2018 and 2021, and while the first two high-turnout votes resulted in narrow decisions to remain part of France, the final referendum was boycotted by pro-independence parties because of the timing, leading to a landslide vote for the status quo with only 44 percent turnout. Pro-independence parties are still seeking an independence referendum that they consider to be an accurate expression of the will of the people — and they have strong regional support.
At last week’s summit, the prime ministers of Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu called New Caledonia’s third referendum “illegitimate, null and void” and urged France to hold another vote. The leaders called for a joint U.N. and regional mission to New Caledonia to assess the situation and propose a solution.
Pacific Islands Forum Chair and Cooks Islands Prime Minister Mark Brown echoed similar concerns about New Caledonia’s final referendum — as the PIF has in the past — and confirmed that the forum hopes to send a fact-finding delegation. Likewise, New Zealand Foreign Affairs Minister Winston Peters raised questions about the legitimacy of the vote and said the PIF could be a “constructive force” in resolving the situation in the French Pacific territory.
The Pacific Islands will always have their own agenda, separate from the geopolitical interests of major powers.
If the summit in Tokyo indicates one thing about next month’s PIF and beyond, it is that the Pacific Islands will always have their own agenda, separate from the geopolitical interests of major powers. To win the current competition with China, the United States and its partners will
Lessons for the United States and Its Partners
need to show that they can better address regional priorities.
Decolonization and denuclearization will remain high on that list. It’s not a coincidence, either, that these issues often go together. The Pacific Islands became nuclear testing grounds during the Cold War precisely because they were controlled by external powers. While climate change and other challenges will remain forum priorities, observers shouldn’t be surprised to see these other issues take center stage.
Among the major countries engaging in the region, all except New Zealand have received criticism for their nuclear policies. French and U.S. nuclear testing in the Pacific continues to cause intergenerational displacement, environmental contamination and numerous health problems. In 2021, Australia, the United States and the United Kingdom sparked outcry from Pacific Island countries over an agreement to share nuclear submarine technology, which some regional leaders saw as undermining the Treaty of Rarotonga and making the region less safe.
For its part, China also uses nuclear-powered submarines and releases treated nuclear wastewater into the Pacific Ocean in higher volumes than Japan — all while amplifying narratives about Fukushima. While this might appear like an opportunity for the United States and its partners to engage in point-scoring against Beijing, nuclear issues should be discussed with the utmost sensitivity in the Pacific Islands.
To portray China as a bad actor on nuclear safety is sure to anger many in the Pacific who are still suffering from the fallout of nuclear testing.
Meanwhile, among the major countries engaging in the region, all except
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China have past or current territories there. Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom formerly controlled more than two thirds of now-independent Pacific Island countries. Japan controlled large swaths of the Pacific between World War I and World War II. And after WWII, the United States controlled Palau, the Federated States of Micronesia and the Marshall Islands until their independence.
These dynamics are crucial for the United States and its partners to consider when engaging in the Pacific. Today, Australia still retains a few small territories in the region, while New Zealand and the U.K. each retain one. France and the United States currently control the most landmass and maritime space, with three dependent territories each, plus the U.S. state of Hawai‘i. As Japan, the United States and their partners promote the language of the “free and open Indo-Pacific,” Pacific Island nations may begin to question how this rhetoric relates to regional independence movements.
Perhaps China’s greatest advantage in the Pacific Islands is that it is not a current or former colonial power. In recent years, some observers have warned about what they call China’s neo-colonialism, but such rhetoric falls flat in a region still undergoing — sometimes violently — the process of decolonization. Western concerns about China’s coercive practices and potential military expansion beyond the first island chain are legitimate. But framing China’s rise in the Pacific Islands as colonialism is more likely to shift the regional conversation toward the United States’ own military buildup and U.S. policies toward its own Pacific territories instead.
In recent years, including at the Pacific Islands Forum, U.S. representatives have spoken of the United States as a “Pacific power” and a “Pacific nation,” alluding to its territories and Hawai‘i, to its Pacific Islander diaspora, and to
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its long-standing ties to the region. While such comments are well-meaning, they may result in unintended consequences, because they are not always perceived in the way that the U.S. government would like them to be. Pacific Island countries do not see the United States as part of the region, but as an external power. Rather than using terminology with controversial connotations, the United States would probably be better off emphasizing initiatives that are tailored to the needs of the Pacific Islands — much like Japan did at the PALM — while treading carefully on nuclear and colonial legacies.
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